We Are All In This Together

We can all play our part to help, We must support each other and be kind”  
https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/
uk-news/eight-signs-you-coronavirus-covid-21768052
  

By MATTHEW WRIGHT FOR DAILYMAIL.COM 
PUBLISHED: 20:20 EDT, 24 March 2020 | UPDATED: 10:46 EDT, 25 March 2020
The Long Island based pulmonologist and critical-care specialist with Northwell Health shared that patients
are given three to four doses a day New York hospitals are treating coronavirus patients with high dosages of VITAMIN C after promising results from China!!!
Dr Andrew Weber says he has been immediately giving his intensive-care patients 1,500 milligrams of intravenous vitamin C.
The Long Island-based pulmonologist and critical-care specialist with Northwell Health says patients are given three to four doses a day.
Jason Molinet, a spokesman for Northwell, says Vitamin C is being ‘widely used’ as a coronavirus treatment throughout the health system. 
A clinical trial into the effectiveness of intravenous vitamin C patients with coronavirus was conducted on February 14 at Zhongnan Hospital in Wuhan. 
Coronavirus symptoms: what are they and should you see a doctor?
Doctors throughout New York state are giving their critically ill coronavirus patients massive doses of vitamin C, a tactic said to have helped those hit the hardest in China.  
Dr Andrew Weber, a Long Island based pulmonologist and critical-care specialist with Northwell Health, shared that he has been immediately 
giving his intensive-care patients 1,500 milligrams of intravenous vitamin C.
Those patients are then re-administered the doses of the powerful antioxidant three or four times a day,
the doctor explained to the New York Post
Dr Andrew Weber said he has been immediately giving his intensive-care patients 1,500 milligrams of intravenous vitamin C. 

The recommended daily allowance for men is 90mg.
Each dose is more than 16 times the daily dietary vitamin allowance of vitamin C advised from the National Institute of Health. 
For adult men, the allowance is 90 milligrams, with 75 milligrams recommended for women. 
 Weber said the regimen is based on experimental treatments administered to coronavirus patients in Shanghai, China. 
‘The patients who received vitamin C did significantly better than those who did not get
vitamin C,’ he said. 
‘It helps a tremendous amount, but it is not highlighted because it’s not a sexy drug.’
Jason Molinet, a spokesman for Northwell, said that Vitamin C is being ‘widely used’ as a coronavirus treatment throughout the health system. He noted, however, that the amount given to patients varies. 
 ‘As the clinician decides,’  Molinet added. 
Northwell Health is the state’s largest healthcare provider, with 23 hospitals across New York. 
According to Molinet, approximately 700 patients across the hospital network
that are being treated for the coronavirus. 

He could not specify how many were receiving vitamin C treatment.
There are now 25,665 cases of the virus in New York, including 14,904 in New York City. 
Dr Weber explained that the vitamin C is just one treatment being given to coronavirus patients.
They have also received the anti-malaria drug hydroxychloroquine, 
the antibiotic azithromycin, as well as various biologics and blood thinners.
Patients with coronavirus who suffer sepsis – an inflammatory response that occurs when
the body overreacts to the infection – suffer significant drops in vitamin C levels, said Weber.
‘It makes all the sense in the world to try and maintain this level of vitamin C,’ he added. 
A clinical trial into the effectiveness of intravenous vitamin C on patients with coronavirus started on February 14 at Zhongnan Hospital in Wuhan, China, the epicenter of the country’s outbreak. It is expected to be completed at the end of September, according to information
on the US National Library of Medicine’s website.  Read More

What The Relationship Between Blood Type And Coronavirus Susceptibility Means For
Future Treatments. A new study that has come out of China claims to have found that people with type A blood may be more susceptible to the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19). What does this mean for patients, doctors, and researchers, and should people with A blood types be worried? The study was conducted by a group of Chinese researchers and analyses 2,173 patients who contracted the COVID-19 virus from three hospitals in Wuhan and Shenzhen and then compared them to the bloods types of the two general populations in the area. Their meta-analysis found that people who were part of “blood group A had a significantly higher risk for [contracting] COVID-19 compared with non-A blood groups.” As outlined in the study, the normal population in Wuhan has a blood type distribution of:

Type A – 31% | Type B – 24% | Type AB – 9% | Type O – 34%
Comparatively, Wuhan residents who had contracted COVID-19
had a blood type distribution of:
Type A – 38% | Type B – 26% | Type AB – 10% | Type O – 25%

Today In: Healthcare These percentage distribution differences held relatively consistent
with the Shenzhen populations as well. “The work is very preliminary, but it is biologically plausible that different blood groups might vary in their susceptibility to COVID-19.” Say
Dr. William A. Petri, Jr., M.D., Ph.D., of the University of Virginia, after reviewing the study.
But why would someone’s blood type make them more susceptible to COVID-19?
The answer, Petri explains, has to do with how proteins on the surface of Coronaviruses bind
to the different sugars on the surface cells, which go hand in hand with a person’s blood type. “We know some of the Coronaviruses that infect cattle have proteins on their surface that bind to sugars and sugars are what dictate blood group antigens*.

If you are blood group A, you have an extra sugar on the surface of your cells called anacitosal glucosamine, which you don’t have if you are blood group O.” Dr. Kirsten L. Hokeness of Bryant University, who also reviewed the study, goes on to explain, “The ABO blood-group system is part of the immune system.” Interestingly, the core of how our immune system fights infection, as well as the variability of how different infections affect different people,
is found in our blood types.
This blood type – immune system connection has been explored by immunologists for over
100 years. “The concept that individuals with different ABO blood Groups would differ in their susceptibility
or resistance to viral and bacterial infections and diseases has been explored since the early 1900s.”
Says Dr. Hokeness, “A lot of this work has been done in malaria but there have been a number of other bacteria and viruses that have been studied as well including hepatitis and Norovirus. The fact that interaction with pathogens has over time caused the
ABO blood Group to evolve over thousands of years could suggest that there is an
interaction between the two systems.”

So should people with blood type A be more worried than the rest of us? Both Dr. Petri
and Dr. Hokeness agree – No. “If you are blood group A you shouldn’t be more scared.”
Says Dr. Petri, “The study shows very small changes in susceptibility. It goes from 31% of people
who reportedly didn’t have COVID-19 versus 38% who did. So it’s tiny changes and it hasn’t been replicated and the study has not yet been peer reviewed. So while it’s interesting and it kind of makes sense biologically,
it might not be true. Regardless, if it is true, it probably does not have a huge impact on overall susceptibility.”
“At this point, people with blood type A do not need to be worried since this does not appear
to be any concrete driver of infection.” says Dr. Hokeness, “I would not let blood type be something that would put fear or rest assuredness into people. We should all still be considered vulnerable to this infection despite blood type or any other quantifiable trait.”
Between the fact that the paper has not yet been peer reviewed, the small sample size, and relatively small variability of infection rates found in the study, people with blood type A
don’t have a much higher cause for concern. However, the study does point to some interesting factors regarding how treatment could be developed to fight COVID-19.

“There are a lot of microorganisms that cause infection that interact with human cells by binding to sugars on the surface of those cells.” Says Dr. Petri, “The best example of that is influenza. The flu virus binds to the sugar on the surface of human cells called sialic acid.” Continuing that, “Tamiflu is a drug that inhibits the binding ability of influenza to these sugars and that is a great example where the recognition of neuraminic acid’s (an acidic amino sugar in the blood) interaction helped identify an effective antiviral medicine.”
This study, and future studies like it, could eventually identify ways to block the COVID-19 virus before it takes over. “Better understanding how the virus gets access to host cells, could help in treatment development.”
Says Dr. Hokeness. “And if these basic science studies can tell us a bit more about how the virus unlocks the host receptor or that these antibodies can block that interaction, we could use that information in order to create a treatment. But there is certainly a lot more data that we need to know at this point.” So instead of causing further anxiety among the population, the study is instead signalling the early stages of antiviral treatment research and should therefore be more of a sign of hope and further despair.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l_jxnGo_8FI
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